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目的调查≥60岁年龄段老年恶性肿瘤患者并发呼吸道真菌感染的易感因素、临床特点及防治策略。方法采用回顾性调查方法,分析156例≥60岁年龄段恶性肿瘤患者并发呼吸道真菌感染的临床资料。结果 1244例≥60岁年龄段恶性肿瘤患者并发呼吸道真菌感染156例,感染率占12.54%;感染部位以口咽部为主,占69.23%;其次是肺,占30.77%;真菌类型主要是白色假丝酵母菌、热带假丝酵母菌和克柔假丝酵母菌;主要易感因素有患者的年龄段、癌症的分期、反复放化疗周期与初期的体质评分关系、不合理使用抗菌药物以及应用糖皮质激素、长期卧床患者护理不到位与医疗护理不当等。结论减少易感因素、提高机体免疫力、及时诊断和治疗、减少过度使用抗菌药物,是防止老年恶性肿瘤患者并发呼吸道真菌感染的关键。
Objective To investigate the susceptibility factors, clinical features and prevention and cure strategies of respiratory tract fungal infection in elderly patients with malignant tumors of more than 60 years old. Methods A retrospective investigation was performed to analyze the clinical data of 156 patients with malignant tumors of more than 60 years old who were infected with respiratory fungi. Results Of the 1244 patients with malignant tumors ≥60 years old, 156 cases were infected with respiratory tract fungi, accounting for 12.54% of the total. The infection sites were mainly oropharyngeal, accounting for 69.23%, followed by the lungs accounting for 30.77%. The fungal types were mainly white Candida tropicalis, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei; the main predisposing factors are the age of patients, the staging of cancer, the relationship between the cycle of chemotherapy and chemotherapy and the initial physique score, the unreasonable use of antibacterial drugs and their application Glucocorticoids, long-term bedridden patient care is not in place and improper medical care. Conclusions Reducing susceptibility factors, improving immunity, timely diagnosis and treatment, and reducing overuse of antimicrobial agents are the keys to prevent respiratory fungal infections in elderly patients with malignant tumors.