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化肥作为农业生产的重要物质投入,对农作物产出的影响较大,但如何评价化肥施用的增产效应及贡献率,目前还没有很多的研究,特别是对塔里木河流域农业生产中的化肥施用贡献率也没有看到相关研究报道。在分析塔里木河流域不同作物(小麦、玉米、棉花和苹果)化肥施用变动及各地州化肥施用结构变动的基础上,通过构建C-D生产函数,测算了塔河流域粮食、棉花和苹果3种作物的化肥、劳动力和机械投入的弹性系数,进一步估算了流域五地州农业生产的化肥贡献率,得出化肥施用对林果业和粮食的贡献较高;而且化肥施用增长幅度大的地区,化肥贡献率也高。表明塔里木河流域不同种植结构农作物产出对化肥施用的依赖程度还较高。
As an important material input in agricultural production, chemical fertilizers have a great impact on the output of crops. However, there are not many studies on how to evaluate the yield-increasing effects and contribution rates of chemical fertilizers. In particular, they have contributed to the application of chemical fertilizers in agricultural production in the Tarim River Basin Rate did not see the relevant research reports. Based on the analysis of the change of chemical fertilizer application in different crops (wheat, corn, cotton and apple) in the Tarim River Basin and the changes of chemical fertilizer application structure in different states, a CD production function was constructed to estimate the distribution of grain, cotton and apple in the Tarim River Basin Chemical fertilizers, labor force and mechanical input elasticity coefficient, and further estimate the contribution of five provinces in the basin of agricultural production of chemical fertilizers, concluded that the contribution of chemical fertilizers on the forestry and fruit industry and higher food supply; and fertilizer growth rate of large areas, the contribution rate of chemical fertilizers high. The result shows that the output of crops with different planting structure in the Tarim River Basin is more dependent on the application of chemical fertilizers.