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桑(Morus alba L.)为桑科(Moraceae)桑属(Morus)落叶乔木,其叶、枝、根(皮)和果均为中国传统中药。桑的药理活性成分主要包括黄酮类、生物碱类、甾类及香豆素类化合物等,具有降血糖、降血脂、降血压、抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、抗肿瘤和免疫调节等药理活性。本文对桑及其主要成分的药理活性、药代动力学以及基于细胞色素P450和转运蛋白的药物相互作用进行综述。
Morus alba L. is a Morus deciduous tree belonging to the family Moraceae. Its leaves, branches, roots and skins are all traditional Chinese medicines. The pharmacological active ingredients of mulberry mainly include flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids and coumarin compounds, which have the pharmacological activities of lowering blood sugar, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood pressure, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-tumor and immune regulation . This review summarizes the pharmacological activities of mulberry and its major components, pharmacokinetics, and drug interactions based on cytochrome P450 and transporters.