肝硬化腹水病人低钠血症在临床上较为常见,是导致血清低渗透压的主要因素。我院自1986～1992年5月收治的212例肝硬化患者中,血清钠<135mmol/L187例,占88.2％。187例中19例并发低渗性脑病,占9.1％。如对此认识不足易误诊为肝昏迷而误治,导致严重后果。我们在实践中体会到,对肝硬化腹水病人及时适量补充氯化钠,纠正血清低钠与低渗透压是防治低渗性脑病的关键。1 资料与方法 19例中男17例,女2例。病程8～22年。血浆渗透压<260～24000Osm/L 13例,占68％;<240mOsm/L6例,占31.6％。血清钠128～120mmol/L Hyponatremia patients with cirrhosis of the hyponatremia is more common in clinical practice, is the main factor leading to low serum osmolality. Among 212 patients with cirrhosis admitted in our hospital from May 1986 to May 1992, serum sodium was less than 135mmol / L, accounting for 88.2%. Of the 187 cases, 19 had hypotonic encephalopathy, accounting for 9.1%. If this lack of understanding is easily misdiagnosed as hepatic coma and mistreatment, leading to serious consequences. We experience in practice, timely and appropriate amount of sodium chloride for patients with cirrhosis and ascites, correct serum low sodium and low osmotic pressure is the key to prevention and treatment of hypotonic encephalopathy. 1 Materials and Methods 19 cases of male 17 cases, 2 females. Course of 8 to 22 years. Plasma osmolality <260 ~ 24000Osm / L 13 cases, accounting for 68%; <240mOsm / L 6 cases, accounting for 31.6%. Serum sodium 128 ~ 120mmol / L