物理学不是一门“精确”科学,而是一门合理近似的科学.比精确计算更为重要的是如何对手头的问题作合理的近似,进而对特征物理量作一定的估算.估算不追求数据的精确而强调方法科学,重“理”不重“数”,与其相对应的解题方法称为估算法.估算法不仅是一种常用的解题方法和思维方法,而且是一种重要的科学研究方法.1945年7月16日晚,意大 Physics is not an “accurate” science, but a science of reasonable approximation. What is more important than accurate calculation is how to reasonably approximate the problem of the opponent’s head, and then make a certain estimation of the characteristic physical quantity. The estimation does not pursue the data. Accurate and emphasis on method science, emphasis on “reason” does not emphasize “number”, and the corresponding problem solving method is called estimation method. The estimation method is not only a commonly used problem solving method and thinking method, but also an important one. Scientific research methods. Late on July 16, 1945, Italian University