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p53蛋白基因属肿瘤抑制基因之一，近年来研究发现，人类许多肿瘤均存在P53基因的异常变化；增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）是DNA聚合酶的辅助蛋白，可准确地反应细胞的增殖状况；S－100阳性树突状细胞（S－100+DC）在抗肿瘤细胞免疫活动中极为活跃，可能参与肿瘤发生发展的某些环节；?
p53 protein gene is one of the tumor suppressor genes. In recent years, it has been found that there are abnormal changes of P53 gene in many human tumors. PCNA is an auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase and can accurately reflect the proliferation status of cells. S -100 positive dendritic cells (S-100 + DC) are extremely active in anti-tumor cell immune activity and may be involved in some aspects of tumor development;