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代词在英语文章中十分常见，正确理解代词含义，可以使我们对文章理解得更透彻，对选项选择得更准确。怎样通过对代词含义的挖掘，解决完形填空和阅读理解中的疑难问题是本文要重点讨论的。
一、推敲周边代词，巧做完形填空。
完形填空是要求学生精细阅读的文章，也是高考中较难的题型。因为学生做此题时要弄懂文章中的每一个句子。在做选择时，要求学生对每空周围的信息准确、全面地掌握。对选项周围的代词更要仔细推敲，即仔细考虑代词指代的内容和指代的单复数情况。经过推敲这些代词，我们会获得作者暗示的更多信息，从而使选项选择得更准确。
例1：But as a girl,I wanted heart-to-heart—— between mother and daughter. They never happened. And a gulf opened between us.
A.understanding B.feelings C.contact D.talks
作为女孩，我想要得到和母亲心对心的理解、接触、交谈。单看这一句，我们不能做出判断。但是第二句话“They never happened”中的代词they 指代的就是该选项，而且是可数名词复数形式，这样选项也就变得十分明显了，应选D talks。
例2：It is well known that many of our —everything in fact, from the generation gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of mental illness—are caused at least in part by……
A.problemsB.troubleC.affairsD.misfortune
在选项前有一个重要信息词是代词many，由于many代替的只能是可数名词复数，所以在四个选项中就排除了B和D，再从后的解释“从代沟、离婚率到精神疾病”这些都应是problems。所以正确选项应为A。
例3：Reading has always been a great way to escape everyday life, without actually leaving. All it takes is a little ——.Since I have plenty of that, reading has always been fun.
A.moneyB.timeC.hobbyD.imagination
此题中有两个代词同时暗示着该选项，一是代词it，it指reading，这样就把A.money排除了。二是that，that指代的就是该选项，由于that指代不可数名词，所以把C.hobby也排除了。这样由于我们对代词含义的挖掘，选项的难度降低了一半。再根据主语代词I即可锁定正确答案为D.imagination
二、在阅读理解中，挖掘代词含义，做到有效阅读，透彻理解文意
在做阅读理解这一题型时，特别在做细节类题型时，找到有关细节的相关内容，对其中代词含义仔细推敲，可以让我们更深刻地理解文章，捕捉有效信息，更明确地领会作者的写作意图，从而把选项选择得更准确。
例1：For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs.
1.American university students are usually under pressure of work, because
A.their academic performance will affect their future careers
B.they are heavily involved in student affairs.
C.they have to observe university discipline.
D.they want to run for positions of authority
题干中提到美国大学生通常处在一种不断的压力中，问题问的是为什么会出现这样的现象。文章没有直接提及because,但在段落第二句中“All this imposes a constant pressure……”告诉我们所有这些都形成了一种不断压力。那么我们就要搞清楚All this 指代的是什么，明白了All this 指代的就是前面那句话：“成绩记录在案，这些记录将向学生未来的雇主出示”，此题答案就很明显了，要选择A。
例2：There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority(优先) it must be given over general language development and writing ability.. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling.
21.Teachers are different in their opinions about.
A.the difficulties in teaching spelling.
B.the role of spelling in general language development.
C.the complexities of the basic writing skills
D.the necessity of teaching spelling.
题干上已说明教师们的观点不一致，但在哪方面不一致，四个选项似乎在原文中找不到，因此要在理解的基础上做一些推断。推断先从代词it 的含义入手。第三句“There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority(优先) it must be given over……”。其中，两个代词it都是指spelling。那么老师们是关于how to teach spelling上意见不同。答案与B项内容相符。
由此可见，仔细挖掘代词含义，有助于我们正确分析、判断文章信息，这是做好完形填空和阅读理解必不可少的环节。
一、推敲周边代词，巧做完形填空。
完形填空是要求学生精细阅读的文章，也是高考中较难的题型。因为学生做此题时要弄懂文章中的每一个句子。在做选择时，要求学生对每空周围的信息准确、全面地掌握。对选项周围的代词更要仔细推敲，即仔细考虑代词指代的内容和指代的单复数情况。经过推敲这些代词，我们会获得作者暗示的更多信息，从而使选项选择得更准确。
例1：But as a girl,I wanted heart-to-heart—— between mother and daughter. They never happened. And a gulf opened between us.
A.understanding B.feelings C.contact D.talks
作为女孩，我想要得到和母亲心对心的理解、接触、交谈。单看这一句，我们不能做出判断。但是第二句话“They never happened”中的代词they 指代的就是该选项，而且是可数名词复数形式，这样选项也就变得十分明显了，应选D talks。
例2：It is well known that many of our —everything in fact, from the generation gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of mental illness—are caused at least in part by……
A.problemsB.troubleC.affairsD.misfortune
在选项前有一个重要信息词是代词many，由于many代替的只能是可数名词复数，所以在四个选项中就排除了B和D，再从后的解释“从代沟、离婚率到精神疾病”这些都应是problems。所以正确选项应为A。
例3：Reading has always been a great way to escape everyday life, without actually leaving. All it takes is a little ——.Since I have plenty of that, reading has always been fun.
A.moneyB.timeC.hobbyD.imagination
此题中有两个代词同时暗示着该选项，一是代词it，it指reading，这样就把A.money排除了。二是that，that指代的就是该选项，由于that指代不可数名词，所以把C.hobby也排除了。这样由于我们对代词含义的挖掘，选项的难度降低了一半。再根据主语代词I即可锁定正确答案为D.imagination
二、在阅读理解中，挖掘代词含义，做到有效阅读，透彻理解文意
在做阅读理解这一题型时，特别在做细节类题型时，找到有关细节的相关内容，对其中代词含义仔细推敲，可以让我们更深刻地理解文章，捕捉有效信息，更明确地领会作者的写作意图，从而把选项选择得更准确。
例1：For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers. All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs.
1.American university students are usually under pressure of work, because
A.their academic performance will affect their future careers
B.they are heavily involved in student affairs.
C.they have to observe university discipline.
D.they want to run for positions of authority
题干中提到美国大学生通常处在一种不断的压力中，问题问的是为什么会出现这样的现象。文章没有直接提及because,但在段落第二句中“All this imposes a constant pressure……”告诉我们所有这些都形成了一种不断压力。那么我们就要搞清楚All this 指代的是什么，明白了All this 指代的就是前面那句话：“成绩记录在案，这些记录将向学生未来的雇主出示”，此题答案就很明显了，要选择A。
例2：There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority(优先) it must be given over general language development and writing ability.. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling.
21.Teachers are different in their opinions about.
A.the difficulties in teaching spelling.
B.the role of spelling in general language development.
C.the complexities of the basic writing skills
D.the necessity of teaching spelling.
题干上已说明教师们的观点不一致，但在哪方面不一致，四个选项似乎在原文中找不到，因此要在理解的基础上做一些推断。推断先从代词it 的含义入手。第三句“There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority(优先) it must be given over……”。其中，两个代词it都是指spelling。那么老师们是关于how to teach spelling上意见不同。答案与B项内容相符。
由此可见，仔细挖掘代词含义，有助于我们正确分析、判断文章信息，这是做好完形填空和阅读理解必不可少的环节。