【专题梳理】一、现代中国对外关系的演变历程1.20世纪50年代——向苏联“一边倒”。二战后国际形势的显著特点是美国霸权地位的确立。新中国的成立,沉重打击了美国在亚洲的侵略扩张政策,美国从独霸全球的战略出发,对中国实行封锁、禁运、包围;苏联等社会主义国家先后承认中国并建立了外交关系。在当时世界分裂为两大阵营的国际环境下,中国采取了“一边倒”的方针,坚决站在以苏联为首的社会主义阵营一边,不仅是为了维护自身主权利益,也是维护世界和平的正确选择。2.20世纪60年代——“两只拳头回击”。20世纪60年代国际形势的特点是大动荡、大分化、大改组。从苏共二十大起,由于苏 [Special Topic] I. Evolution of the Modern China’s Foreign Relations 1. 1950s - Toward the Soviet Union. The notable characteristic of the international situation after World War II is the establishment of the supremacy of the United States. The founding of New China has dealt a heavy blow to the U.S. policy of aggression and expansion in Asia. From a strategy of dominating the entire world, the United States imposed a blockade, embargo and siege on China. The socialist countries such as the Soviet Union recognized China and established diplomatic relations. Under the international environment in which the world was divided into two major camps, China adopted the principle of “one-sidedness” and firmly stood on the side of the socialist camp headed by the Soviet Union, not only in order to safeguard its sovereignty and interests but also to safeguard the correctness of world peace select. 2.20 century 60’s - “two fists hit back”. The international situation in the 1960s was characterized by turmoil, polarization and major restructuring. From the twenty largest in the CPSU, due to the Soviet Union