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将土壤动物分为捕食性、腐食性、杂食性、食木性和菌食性5个功能群,研究马尾松人工林各功能群大型土壤动物随郁闭度(0.5、0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9)的变化.结果表明:1)各郁闭度马尾松人工林大型土壤动物以腐食性个体比例最高,类群上以杂食性和食木性为主.2)马尾松人工林大型捕食性土壤动物个体数、类群数和食木性类群数在0.5~0.6郁闭度下无显著变化,在0.6~0.9郁闭度下显著降低.3)随郁闭度增大,枯落物层捕食性土壤动物个体和类群数显著减少,5~10 cm层腐食性土壤动物个体数呈不规则的波动变化.食木性土壤动物个体数随土层加深而增多,且在枯落层其类群数及5~10 cm层个体和类群数随郁闭度增大而显著减少.4)不同郁闭度下,除食木性土壤动物功能群Pielou均匀度无显著差异外,食木性和腐食性土壤动物各多样性指标均差异显著;捕食性土壤动物仅Simpson优势度指数在0.5~0.8郁闭度下无显著变化,在0.8~0.9郁闭度下显著降低.5)典范对应分析(CCA)显示,不同郁闭度马尾松人工林大型土壤动物功能群主要受土壤容重和含水量的影响.含水量对腐食性土壤动物个体数影响较大,食木性、捕食性土壤动物受土壤容重影响,捕食性土壤动物Simpson优势度指数受土壤pH和全磷影响.大型土壤动物功能群结构在0.7郁闭度下相对稳定,有利于马尾松人工林地力维持和生态功能的发挥.
The soil animals were divided into five functional groups, predatory, carnivorous, omnivorous, woody and bactericidal. With the function of canopy density (0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 ) .Results showed that: 1) The population of large soil fauna in masson pine plantations was the highest with the highest percentage of rotting individuals and the majority was omnivorous and woody.2) Large predatory soil fauna in Pinus massoniana plantation Number of taxa, number of taxa and number of woody taxa did not change significantly under 0.5 ~ 0.6 canopy density, but decreased significantly under 0.6 ~ 0.9 canopy density.3) With the increase of canopy density, the litter layer of predatory soil animal And the number of taxa decreased significantly, while the number of individuals in 5 ~ 10 cm layer fluctuated irregularly.The number of individuals of food-wood soil fauna increased with the deepening of the soil depth, and the number of taxa and 5 ~ 10 cm individuals and taxa significantly decreased with the increase of canopy density.4) Under different canopy degrees, except for Pielou evenness of function groups of woody soil fauna, there were no significant differences in woody and rotting soil animals There was significant difference between the two sexes. The Simpson dominance index of predatory soil animals was only 0.5 ~ 0.8 under canopy closure, but significantly decreased at 0.8 ~ 0.9 canopy density.5) Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that the functional groups of soil macrofauna in Pinus massoniana plantations with different canopy degrees were mainly affected by soil bulk density and Water content.The water content had a great influence on the number of individuals of the soil-feeding soil animals, and wood-eating and predatory soil animals were affected by soil bulk density.The Simpson dominance index of predatory soil animals was affected by soil pH and total phosphorus.Marginal soil animal function The population structure is relatively stable under 0.7 canopy closure, which is favorable for the conservation of soil fertility and ecological function of Pinus massoniana plantation.