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目的:B族维生素以辅酶的形式参与糖、脂肪和蛋白质代谢,本文观察硫胺素、核黄素和烟酰胺补充对高脂饲料诱导大鼠肥胖的影响。方法:采用预防肥胖模型法,2×2×2析因设计分为8组:高脂对照组(F0组),高脂+硫胺素(F1组),高脂+核黄素(F2组),高脂+烟酰胺(F3组),高脂+硫胺素+核黄素(F4组),高脂+硫胺素+烟酰胺(F5组),高脂+核黄素+烟酰胺(F6组),高脂+硫胺素+核黄素+烟酰胺(F7组),每组12只大鼠,给予高脂饲料喂养,同时硫胺素(100 mg/kg bw/d)、核黄素(100mg/kg bw/d)、烟酰胺(250 mg/kg bw/d)灌胃,另设正常对照组(C组)12只,普通饲料喂养,自来水灌胃,15周后,分析其体重、摄食量、体脂重量、血脂等实验前后的变化情况及各组动物之间的差别。结果:经过15周喂养后,高脂喂养大鼠体重比正常对照组平均增加了15.7%;而补充烟酰胺(F3)及联合硫胺素(F5)或核黄素(F6)以及三者联合补充(F7)组高脂喂养大鼠与高脂对照组(F0)相比,体重分别降低了35.0%,30.0%,30.1%和30.6%(P值均小于0.05);甚至比正常对照组大鼠平均体重分别下降了22.8%,17.0%,17.0%和17.7%(P值均小于0.05);而补充核黄素或和硫胺素组大鼠体重没有明显增加或降低(P值均大于0.05)。血脂分析结果显示高脂喂养并联合补充核黄素或/和烟酰胺和/或硫胺素组大鼠血清CHOL和LDL水平明显低于高脂对照组;而高脂喂养并联合补充烟酰胺(F3)及联合硫胺素(F5)或核黄素(F6)以及三者联合补充(F7)组大鼠LDL/HDL比值分别0.29、0.26、0.25和0.26,明显低于F0组的0.37(P值均小于0.05)。结论:大剂量烟酰胺可有效地调节血脂水平和控制肥胖大鼠的体重增长,而核黄素及硫胺素对控制肥胖大鼠体重增长的作用不明显,尚待进一步研究;核黄素只能够降低血脂水平,提示大剂量烟酰胺可通过增加机体的能量代谢来控制体重的增长。
OBJECTIVE: B vitamins are involved in the metabolism of sugar, fat and protein as coenzymes. In this paper, the effects of thiamine, riboflavin and nicotinamide supplementation on obesity induced by high-fat diet were observed. Methods: The 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design was divided into 8 groups: high fat control group (F0 group), high fat + thiamine group (F1 group), high fat + riboflavin group (F2 group) (F4 group), high fat + thiamine + nicotinamide (F5 group), high fat + riboflavin + nicotinamide (F6), high-fat + thiamine + riboflavin + nicotinamide (F7) group, 12 rats in each group were fed with high fat diet and thiamine (100 mg / kg bw / d) Riboflavin (100 mg / kg bw / d) and niacinamide (250 mg / kg bw / d) were given orally. Twelve mice in the normal control group (group C) The changes of body weight, food intake, body fat weight and blood lipid before and after the experiment and the differences among the groups of animals were analyzed. RESULTS: After 15 weeks of feeding, the body weight of rats fed with high fat diet increased by 15.7% on average compared with that of the normal control group. Supplementation of nicotinamide (F3), combined with thiamine (F5) or riboflavin (F6) Compared with the high-fat control group (F0), the body weight of the rats in the F7 group was reduced by 35.0%, 30.0%, 30.1% and 30.6%, respectively (P <0.05), even higher than that of the normal control group The average body weight of rats decreased by 22.8%, 17.0%, 17.0% and 17.7%, respectively (P <0.05), while the body weight of rats supplemented with riboflavin or thiamine had no significant increase or decrease (P> 0.05 ). Serum lipids analysis showed that serum CHOL and LDL levels were significantly lower in high-fat diet combined with riboflavin and / or nicotinamide and / or thiamine groups compared with those in high-fat control group; while high-fat diet combined with nicotinamide supplementation F3 and F5 or F6 and 0.37, 0.26, 0.25 and 0.26 in the F7 group were significantly lower than those in the F0 group (0.37, P Value less than 0.05). Conclusion: High dose nicotinamide can effectively regulate blood lipid level and control weight gain in obese rats. However, the effect of riboflavin and thiamine on body weight gain in obese rats is not obvious and remains to be further studied. Riboflavin only Can reduce blood lipid levels, suggesting that high doses of nicotinamide can increase body’s energy metabolism to control weight gain.