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目的了解抗结核药品不良反应发生率、类型、影响因素及其对治疗与转归的影响。方法选取2010~2012年泉州市惠安县登记的涂阳肺结核患者,使用统一的调查表收集患者的相关信息,提取与抗结核药品不良反应相关变量,单因素分析抗结核药品不良反应相关特征,通过年龄匹配对照和χ~2检验分析其对治疗转归的影响。结果惠安县涂阳肺结核患者抗结核药品不良反应率平均为17.25%,其中发生最多的是肝功能损害占45.27%,其次是胃肠道反应占20.95%;发生抗结核药品不良反应者平均年龄较未发生者大(P<0.01);发生抗结核药品不良反应患者中复治的比例大于未发生者(P<0.05);发生抗结核药品不良反应患者的治疗成功率较未发生者低(P<0.01)。结论惠安县抗结核药品不良反应以肝损害为主;年龄大、复治是其危险因素;不良反应影响治疗,导致治疗成功率下降。
Objective To understand the incidence, types and influencing factors of adverse reactions of anti-tuberculosis drugs and their effects on treatment and prognosis. Methods The smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients registered in Hui’an County of Quanzhou City from 2010 to 2012 were collected. The patients’ relevant information was collected using a unified questionnaire. The variables related to the adverse reactions of anti-tuberculosis drugs were extracted. The characteristics of adverse reactions of anti-tuberculosis drugs were analyzed by single factor analysis. Age-matched controls and Chi-square test were used to analyze the effect on treatment outcome. Results The adverse reaction rate of anti-TB drugs in smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Hui’an County was 17.25% on average, of which the most occurred was liver function damage accounting for 45.27%, followed by gastrointestinal tract reaction 20.95%. The average age of adverse drug reaction occurred (P <0.01). The rate of retreatment was higher in patients with adverse reactions of antituberculosis drugs than those without (P <0.05). The success rate of treatment with adverse reactions of antituberculosis drugs was lower than that without <0.01). Conclusions Adverse reactions to anti-TB drugs in Huian County are mainly liver damage. Older adults and retreatment are the risk factors. Adverse reactions affect the treatment, resulting in a decrease in the success rate of treatment.