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路面和场地积雪结冰的危害是尽人皆知的。降雪地域的城镇路面、城间公路、铁路线路、农林工作路面和机场等地面的冰雪清除工作是必不可少的。本文介绍的国外除冰除雪措施,对我国能早日实现用科学技术防治冰雪危害有借鉴之宜。一、冰雪危害在我国降雪地域,尤其在黄河以北地区,冰雪危害明显。以哈尔滨市和乌鲁木齐市为例,据初步统计,降雪期内,因积雪结冰造成雪阻而导致交通瘫痪和半瘫痪状态,年均15天;每年人力除雪除冰人均6小时;运输效率比非降雪期降低30%,交通事故亦明显上升。
The dangers of snow and ice on pavement and site are well known. Urban areas such as urban roads, interurban roads, railway lines, agricultural and forestry roads, airports and other snow-clearing work in snow-covered areas are indispensable. This article describes the measures of deicing and snow removal in foreign countries, which can be used as a reference for our country to realize the prevention and control of snow and ice with science and technology as soon as possible. First, the dangers of snow and snow in China’s snow area, especially in the north of the Yellow River, ice damage is obvious. Take Harbin and Urumqi for example. According to preliminary statistics, during the snowfall period, traffic was paralyzed and semi-paralyzed due to the snow blocking caused by icy snowfall, with an average of 15 days each year. The annual removal rate of human snow and ice was 6 hours per day. The transportation efficiency 30% less than non-snowfall, traffic accidents also increased significantly.