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在古代中国,在夏商周时期的上古社会,邦君与贵族领地或采邑之间的某种隶属关系并不等于秦汉以后郡县制下中央与地方的那种具有行政级别的行政管理关系。那种只有具有四级聚落等级形态才表示国家已形成的理论是有局限性的,它并不能说明国家是否产生这一问题的实质,因而也不应作为衡量的标准。将聚落考古学与社会形态学结合起来研究古代国家和文明的起源,固然要对聚落的等级做出划分,同时还必须对史前社会组织、等级、阶层、阶级的产生、权力性质的演变等因素进行多方面的考察。因此,将阶层阶级的出现和凌驾于全社会之上的强制性权力的设立作为国家形成的标志是最具特征性的,而且在考古学上可以找到其依据和物化形式,因而具有可操作性。
In ancient China, during the Xia and Shang Dynasties, some affiliation between Bangjun and aristocratic territories or fiefs did not equal the administrative-level administrative relationship between the central and local governments under the Qin and Han dynasties . The theory that there is only a four-tiered settlement level that states that the country has formed has limitations. It does not indicate whether the state has the substance of the issue and should not be used as a measure of standard. While studying the origins of ancient countries and civilizations by combining the settlement archeology with the social morphology, it is necessary to divide the level of the settlement. At the same time, it is also necessary to analyze the factors such as the prehistoric social organization, the class, the class, the class, the evolution of the power and other factors Conduct a multi-faceted investigation. Therefore, the establishment of the class hierarchy and the establishment of compulsory power above the level of the whole society as the symbol of the state formation is the most characteristic, and its archeology can find its basis and form of materialization, which is therefore operable .