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土壤微生物是土壤中最活跃的因子,一方面是土壤天然有机体的转化者,另一方面是土壤养分的源和库,与植物营养和土壤肥力密切相关,在土壤物质和能量循环转化过程中起着重要作用。在植物的整个生长期间,根系进行着活跃的代谢作用,向根外不断分泌有机物质,这些分泌物是根际微生物的重要营养和能量来源,其成分和数量影响着根际微生物的种类和繁殖。根际微生物的数量、活性和群落结构及其变化直接影响到植物吸收水分和养分。因此,植物、土壤和微生物之间存在着相互依赖、相互作用的复杂的三边关系[1-2]。
Soil microorganisms are the most active factors in soil. They are the transformants of soil natural organisms on the one hand, and the sources and sinks of soil nutrients on the other hand, which are closely related to plant nutrition and soil fertility. Soil microorganisms play an important role in soil material and energy cycle conversion An important role. During the whole growth period of plants, the roots undergo active metabolism and continuously release organic substances to the roots. These secretions are important nutrition and energy sources of rhizosphere microorganisms. Their composition and quantity affect the species and multiplication of rhizosphere microorganisms . Rhizosphere microbial quantity, activity and community structure and its changes directly affect the plant to absorb water and nutrients. Therefore, there are interdependent and interacting complex trilateral relations between plants, soil and microorganisms [1-2].