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汉语是“体突显”的语言,系统功能语言学框架下的汉语描写不能忽略体范畴。本文基于语言建筑论的思想,将体视为一个体现语言使用者对处于时间轴上事件的观察方式的系统,主要表达经验意义,兼具人际和语篇意义。体系统以词汇和语法为两端形成一个连续统,包含词汇项、语法项、以及介于二者之间尚处于语法化进程中的构式。此外,我们从体的语法隐喻解释了汉语体系统的非强制性特征。
Chinese is the language of “body highlighting”, and Chinese description under the framework of system functional linguistics can not ignore the body category. Based on the theory of language construction, this article considers the body as a system that reflects the users of the language in the way of observing the events on the timeline, and mainly expresses the meaning of the experience, which has both interpersonal and discourse meanings. The system uses vocabularies and grammars to form a continuum at both ends, including lexical items, grammatical items, and constructions that are still in the process of grammaticalization. In addition, we explain the non-mandatory features of the Chinese system from the grammatical metaphors of the body.