人是经济活动的主体,任何社会经济过程都是人们有目的行为的结果。因此,关于人的动机与行为规则进而其理性的研究便在整个经济科学领域占有十分重要的地位,它实际上成为经济学家构筑其经济理论大厦的逻辑前提和方法论基础。无论是历史上还是在当代,西方经济学各流派都十分重视有关人的行为分析,将人 People are the main body of economic activities, and any social economic process is the result of people's intentional behavior. Therefore, the study of human's motivation and behavior rules and their rationality will occupy a very important position in the whole field of economics and science. They actually become the logical premise and methodological basis for economists to construct their economic theory buildings. Whether in history or in the contemporary era, all schools of Western economics attach great importance to the analysis of people's behavior,