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地基处理中,采用换土垫层作人工地基是古老而又简单经济的方法之一。换土垫层加固地基,简称换填法,就是将基础底面下一定范围内的软弱土层挖除,换填以无侵蚀性的压缩性较低的材料,经过分层夯实至要求的密实度为止,使其满足结构对地基强度和稳定性要求。通过垫层应力的扩散作用,可减少垫层下天然土层所承受的压力,并可降低地基的沉降量。另外,下卧层软弱土层中的水分,也可以部分地通过垫层排出,从而能加速软土的固结。
In foundation treatment, the use of soil replacement bedding as artificial foundation is one of the oldest and simple and economical methods. Soil replacement cushion reinforcement foundation, referred to as replacement method, is to excavate a certain range of soft soil layers under the foundation surface, replace it with non-aggressive, low compressibility materials, and layer compaction to the required compactness. So far, it meets the requirements for structural strength and stability of foundations. Through the diffusion of cushion stress, the pressure on the natural soil under the cushion can be reduced, and the settlement of the foundation can be reduced. In addition, the moisture in the underlying soft soil layer can also be partially discharged through the mat, thereby accelerating the consolidation of the soft soil.