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以黄淮平原区80个气象站点46～54年的降水资料和10个站点100cm深度的土壤湿度资料为基础,运用麦田水分平衡原理,分析了冬小麦灌溉需水量与冬小麦需水量、生育期降水量和土壤底墒水的关系,并就不同气候年型分析了冬小麦灌溉需水量的变化特征。结果表明:黄淮平原冬小麦灌溉需水量等值线基本呈纬向分布,自南向北逐渐增大。正常年零值线位于许昌、扶沟、柘城、鹿邑、亳州、萧县至徐州一带,此线附近冬小麦需水量和供水量基本平衡,可以不进行灌溉或进行少量灌溉;此线以北则必须进行灌溉,其灌溉量愈向北愈大,依次为60～100和100～190mm,要分别灌1～2水和2水;此线以南,可不进行灌溉。丰水年零值线北移约0.5～1.0个纬度,全区灌溉面积和灌溉量明显减小。欠水年零值线南移约1.0～1.5个纬度,灌溉面积和灌溉量显著增大。
Based on the precipitation data of 46 years to 54 years in 80 meteorological stations in Huanghuai Plain and the soil moisture data of 100 cm in 10 stations, the irrigation water requirement of winter wheat and the water requirement of winter wheat, And soil moisture at the end of the relationship between soil moisture content and analysis of the characteristics of winter wheat irrigation water demand changes. The results showed that the isoline of irrigation water requirement of winter wheat in the Huanghuai Plain was basically zonal distribution, and gradually increased from south to north. The normal year zero line is located in Xuchang, Fugou, Gaocheng, Luyi, Bozhou, Xiaoxian to Xuzhou area near the line of winter wheat water demand and water supply basically balanced, you can not irrigation or a small amount of irrigation; north of this line It must be irrigated, the more the amount of irrigation to the north of the larger, followed by 60 to 100 and 100 ~ 190mm, respectively, irrigation 1 ~ 2 water and 2 water; south of this line may not be irrigated. In the wet year, the zero-value line moved about 0.5-1.0 latitude northward, and the irrigated area and irrigation volume in the whole area decreased obviously. In the year of water year, the zero value line moves about 1.0-1.5 latitude southward, and the irrigation area and irrigation amount increase significantly.