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本文以明代中国永乐皇帝及其之后的中国对外政策为研究对象。梳理了永乐朝郑和下西洋以来,到洪熙、宣德皇帝实施海禁闭关政策的历史背景。以此为基础,本文试图从皇权关系、经济状况、儒家思想等几个方面分析明代中国由开放到自我孤立这一转变的内在原因。最后,本文将明代中国的这种自我封闭同西方同时期的海外扩张进行了对比,从而揭示近代中国同西方各国之间强弱关系转变的历史逻辑。
This article takes the Ming Dynasty China Yongle Emperor and its subsequent Chinese foreign policy as the research object. From the history of Yongle toward Zhenghe and the West, the historical background of the policy of enforcing the imprisonment for marital closure to Hongxi and Xuande. Based on this, this article attempts to analyze the inherent causes of the transition from openness to self-isolation in Ming China from several aspects such as the relationship between imperial power and state of economy and Confucianism. Finally, this article contrasts this kind of self-enclosure in China in the Ming Dynasty with the overseas expansion in the same period in the West, revealing the historical logic of the transformation of the relationship between the modernity and the West.