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抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体（ ANCA）相关性血管炎是一类累及多个器官系统的全身性自身免疫性疾病，它包括肉芽肿性多血管炎、显微镜下多血管炎和嗜酸性肉芽肿性多血管炎。该病进展迅猛，病死率高，严重威胁人类健康。 Fractalkine 是趋化因子 CX3C 亚家族中唯一的成员，CX3CR1是Fractalkine的特异性受体，两者特异性结合后通过激活细胞内的信号转导通路参与免疫性疾病的发生与发展。该文就Fractalkine与ANCA相关性血管炎的最新研究进展予以综述。“,”Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody ( ANCA )-associated vasculitis is a group of systemic autoimmune diseases, including granulomatosis with polyangiitis , microscopic polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.People′s health is threatened by this disease,which is characterized by violent progression and high mortality.Fractalkine(CX3CL1)is the sole member of the CX3C chemokine family. CX3CR1 is the unique receptor for Fractalkine.In the occurrence and development of immunological disea-ses,cell signal transductive pathways are activated by Fractalkine via specific binding to CX3CR1.Here is to make a review of the latest advances of Fractalkine in ANCA-associated vasculitis.