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众所周知,在经济发达的国家恶性肿瘤的死亡率仅次于心血管疾患而占第二位。最近十年许多国家越来越广泛地开展肿瘤的流行病学研究,其目的不仅在于查明居民中肿瘤的实际流行情况,而且要阐明作为该病的病因或促进它发生的所谓危险因素。后者对有效地预防癌症具有头等重要意义。
It is well-known that the mortality rate of malignant tumors in the economically developed countries is second only to cardiovascular disease. In the last ten years, more and more countries are conducting epidemiological studies on tumors more and more. Their aim is not only to identify the actual prevalence of cancer among residents, but also to elucidate the so-called risk factors that are the etiology of the disease or contributing to it. The latter is of paramount importance for the effective prevention of cancer.