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本试验开展了60 Coγ射线辐照对花魔芋 (Amorphophalluskonjac)农艺性状影响的研究。结果表明 :辐射诱发了大量有利的或损伤的数量性状变异。这些可观察或可检测的变异有形态异常 ,主要表现为植株矮小及叶片畸形(包括叶片黄化、缺刻、叶卷曲及主叶脉粘连不分离等 ) ;还有其它的性状变化 ,如生长期、根系、鞭状茎分化、耐寒性 ,球茎增重和产量等。观察发现 ,辐射效应的主要特征是抑制和损伤 ,并有一定程度的生理修复。通过分析 ,这些数量性状的变化符合统计规律 ,如植株叶片面积的变化与辐射剂量关系可拟合成三次曲线 ,其它的性状变化与剂量成二次曲线。在花魔芋生长期间发现了大叶片植株、耐寒植株、少鞭状茎分化植株和高球茎增重系数植株等有益突变。大叶片可增加光合作用面积 ,提高产量 ;少鞭状茎分化可减少球茎物质分流 ,使积累更加有效 ;耐寒抗寒既可延长生长期 ,也可扩大种植范围和向适宜地区推广。通过实验 ,得出花魔芋的辐射敏感性强 ,诱变效应显著 ,性状变异有可选择性 ,辐射诱变育种和种质改良可行。此外 ,魔芋种植多采用无性繁殖方式 ,有些有利的变异性状可直接作为育种和引种驯化的基础材料利用
In this experiment, the effects of 60 Co γ-ray irradiation on the agronomic characters of Amorphophallus konjac were studied. The results showed that radiation induced a large number of favorable or damaged quantitative trait variation. These observable or detectable variants have morphological abnormalities mainly manifested as short plants and leaf deformities (including leaf yellowing, nicks, leaf curl and the main vein adhesions not separated, etc.); and other traits such as growth period, Root system, whip-like stem differentiation, cold tolerance, bulb weight gain and yield. Observation found that the main characteristics of the radiation effects are inhibition and injury, and to a certain degree of physiological repair. Through the analysis, these quantitative traits are in line with the statistical laws. For example, the relationship between the change of the leaf area of the plant and the radiation dose can be fitted into a cubic curve, and the changes of other traits and the dose become a quadratic curve. Amorphophallus konjac was found in the growth of large leaf plants, cold-tolerant plants, less whip-like stem differentiation plants and bulbs and other useful weight gain plants mutation. Large leaves can increase the area of photosynthesis, increase production; less Whip-like stem differentiation can reduce bulb shunt, so that the accumulation of more effective; cold and cold can extend the growth period, but also to expand the scope of planting and to promote the appropriate area. Through experiments, it was concluded that Amorphophallus konjac had strong radiation sensitivity, significant mutagenic effects, selective trait variation, and radiation induced mutation breeding and germplasm improvement. In addition, konjac planting more use of asexual reproduction, some of the favorable variation traits can be directly used as breeding and introduction and acclimation of the basic material utilization