极值问题是高中物理经常考查的知识点,也是重要的区分点。无论是静力平衡问题,还是动力学问题,都可以通过极值的求解来提高问题的区分度。近年来,高考试题越来越注重考查分析、综合能力,注重考查应用数学知识处理物理问题的能力。极值问题是考查此类能力的一个较好的切人点。求物理极值的问题,经常用到的数学方法有:点到直线距离最短、均值不等式、一元二次函数配方、一元二次方程的判别式、三角函数的最值以及求导的方法。本文将通过对一些特殊的极值问题的分析和探讨,归纳出“垂直最小”的极值求解方法。在常见的求极值的问题中,利用作向量图的求解 The extremum problem is the knowledge point that high school physics examines frequently, and it is also an important distinction point. Whether it is static balance problem or kinetic problem, the difference of the problem can be improved by solving the extreme value. In recent years, college entrance examination papers more and more emphasis on test analysis, comprehensive ability, focus on examining the application of mathematical knowledge to deal with physical problems. The problem of extremes is a good starting point for examining such capabilities. Seeking physical extremes, the commonly used mathematical methods are: the shortest point to the straight line, mean inequality, quadratic function formula, the discriminant of quadratic equation, the maximum value of the trigonometric function, and the derivation method. In this paper, through the analysis and discussion of some special extremum problems, this paper sums up the extremal solution of “vertical minimum ”. In the common problem of finding the extreme value, we use the solution of vector graph