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随着改革开放的深入发展,近几年来,一些乡村企业、甚至个体私人企业纷纷上马土法冶炼生产氧化锌。一方面,生产氧化锌的原料来源广、渠道宽、容易获得。另一方面,氧化锌的用途较广,可用作油漆、涂料、印染、广告颜料、陶瓷、玻璃等工业产品;品位较高的还可用于塑料、橡胶、化工行业,市场上较为畅销。第三方面,土法冶炼生产氧化锌设备简单、投资省、见效快。所以,在我国各地都有小型土法冶炼的厂子快速建立上马。 冶炼氧化锌无论是直接法或间接法,均存在氧化锌白色粉尘危害人身健康的问题。在大型国营企业,设计时采用全封闭式,生产工人较少直接接触氧化锌。即使接触氧化锌的工人也有多种劳动保护措施。然而,个体乡村企业一般是用大型冶炼氧化锌的厂子的含锌废炉渣,或从云南、贵州等地购进氧化矿(含锌矿多为硫化矿、氧化矿较少)用直接法土法冶炼蒸馏获得低品位(70％～95％)的氧化锌。
With the deepening of reform and opening up, in recent years, some rural enterprises and even individual and private enterprises have launched the production of zinc oxide from Tufa. On the one hand, the source of raw materials for the production of zinc oxide wide, wide channels, easy access. On the other hand, zinc oxide has a wide range of uses and can be used as industrial products such as paints, coatings, printing and dyeing, advertising pigments, ceramics, glass and the like. The higher grade can also be used in the plastics, rubber and chemical industries and the market is relatively popular. The third aspect, indigenous production of zinc oxide smelting equipment is simple, investment province, quick. Therefore, in all parts of our country, small factories of indigenous smelting have been established and launched rapidly. Smelting zinc oxide, either direct or indirect method, there are the problems of zinc oxide white dust endangering human health. In large-scale state-owned enterprises, the design is fully enclosed and the workers in production have less direct contact with zinc oxide. Even workers exposed to zinc oxide have multiple labor protection measures. However, the individual rural enterprises generally use the zinc-bearing waste slag of the large-scale smelter of zinc oxide or purchase the oxide ore from Yunnan and Guizhou (zinc ore is mostly sulfide ores and less oxide ore) Smelting distillation obtained low grade (70% ~ 95%) of zinc oxide.