据统计,我国目前中小学生存在的心理疾患中,30%左右源于年幼时经历的挫折和打击没有得到正确的引导。孩子在经历挫折时常会产生比较消极的情绪和抵触心理。一方面家长要注意帮助孩子获得战胜困难的成功体验,从而提高“自我效能感”的水平,增强自信;另一方面要让孩子明白,有些挫折的产生无法通过个人的主观努力来阻挡、回避。对待挫折,我们要教孩子合理运用心理防卫机制来保持健康的心理状态。 According to statistics, about 30% of the mental disorders that exist in primary and secondary schools in our country at the present time have not been properly guided by the setbacks and blows experienced when they were young. Children experience frustration often have more negative emotions and resistance. On the one hand, parents should pay attention to helping their children win the successful experience of overcoming difficulties so as to raise the level of self-efficacy and enhance self-confidence; on the other hand, children should be allowed to understand that some frustrations can not be stopped by individual subjective efforts, avoid. To deal with setbacks, we must teach our children to use psychological defense mechanisms reasonably to maintain a healthy mental state.