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野外观测试验于 1997年在广东省鹤山市四季园农场的赤红壤坡地上进行。试验设计了幼龄果园间作番薯 ( A) ;幼龄果园间作花生 ( B) ;幼龄龙眼树间野生牧草 ( C) ;梯田地表裸露( CK)为对照 4个处理 ,采用自制的径流收集器分别测定了各处理 4场降雨的径流深度、径流系数、水土流失量和侵蚀量等指标。结果表明 ,CK的平均径流深度为 3.4 5mm/ 10 mm,降水流失率为 34 .5% ,平均每 10 mm降雨的土壤侵蚀量为 2 94 .0 3kg/ hm2 ,年土壤侵蚀模数为50 .78t/ ( hm2 ·年 ) ;A、B、C 3个间作不同作物处理的平均地表径流量分别比裸地对照降低4 3.82 %、36.4 5%和 4 7.4 7% ,平均土壤侵蚀量分别比对照减少 94 .4 1%、64.32 %和 73.4 6% ;幼龄果园间作番薯 ( A)处理的保土效果最佳 ,幼龄龙眼树间野生牧草 ( C)处理的保水效果最好。
The field experiment was conducted in 1997 on the reddish-brown soil slopes of the Four Seasons Farm in Heshan City, Guangdong Province. The experiments were designed for young orchard intercropping sweet potato (A); young orchard intercropping peanut (B); young longan trees between the wild forage (C); terraced surface bare (CK) as control 4 treatment, using a homemade runoff collector The runoff depth, runoff coefficient, soil erosion amount and erosion amount of four rainfalls were measured. The results showed that the mean runoff depth of CK was 3.4 mm / 10 mm and the rainfall loss rate was 34.5%. The average soil erosion amount per 10 mm rainfall was 2 94.03 kg / hm2 and the annual soil erosion modulus was 50. 78t / (hm2 · year). The average surface runoff of treatments A, B and C decreased by 4.382%, 36.4% and 47.4%, respectively, compared with the bare land. The average soil erosion was higher than that of the control (94.41%, 64.32% and 73.4 6%) in the young orchards. The sweet potatoes (A) intercropped in the young orchard had the best soil-preserving effect, and the young water-conservancy grass had the best water holding capacity.