对秦岭林区针叶树蚜虫区系成分和物种多样性进行了研究。结果表明 :秦岭林区以针叶树为寄主的蚜总科昆虫共计 2科 8属 2 8种。区系成分包括古北种、东洋种、跨两界分布的广布种及特有种 4种类型。其中 ,东洋种所占比例最大 ,占总数的 32 .2 % ;古北种和广布种比例次之 ,各占总数的 2 8.5 % ;特有种占总数的 1 0 .8%。秦岭不同生境针叶树蚜虫的物种丰富度、多样性指数和均匀度指数有显著差异。 The fauna composition and species diversity of coniferous aphids in Qinling forest area were studied. The results showed that there are 2 families, 8 genera and 28 species of aphids in the Qinling forest area. The fauna includes four species of ancient North species, Oriental species, widespread species and endemic species distributed across two boundaries. Among them, the largest proportion of Oriental species, accounting for 32.2% of the total; followed by the ancient North species and broad species second, each accounting for 8.55% of the total; endemic species accounted for 1.08% of the total. Species richness, diversity index and evenness index of coniferous aphids in different habitats in Qinling were significantly different.