论文部分内容阅读
发达国家的铁路运输经历了一个从兴盛到衰退、而后重新崛起的过程,其铁路货运发展经验对我国铁路发展具有启示作用。例如,交通基础设施的超前发展成就了美国的经济霸主地位。1850到1910年60年间,美国共修筑铁路37万余公里。1916年,美国铁路营业里程达408745公里,超过当时世界其他国家铁路的总和。美国铁路网的基本架构那时已经形成,横贯美洲大陆的铁路,保证了美国西部的开拓,促进了经济发展。铁路运输成为交通运输行业最重要的骨干,1929年美国城市间货运周转量中,铁路占到了74.9%。
The railway transportation in developed countries has undergone a process from prosperity to recession and then rise again. Its experience in rail freight development has an enlightening effect on the development of China’s railways. For example, the advanced development of transport infrastructure has contributed to the economic dominance of the United States. During the 60 years from 1850 to 1910, the United States built a total of 370000 km of railways. In 1916, the U.S. railroad operated 408745 kilometers, surpassing the total number of railroads in the rest of the world at the time. At that time, the basic structure of the U.S. railway network was formed. The railway across the continental United States ensured the pioneering of the western United States and promoted economic development. Railway transportation became the most important backbone in the transportation industry. In 1929, among railway transports in the United States, the railway accounted for 74.9% of the total.