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[目的]了解中小学生身体发育状况,掌握其发展规律,改进中小学体育教学及健康教育中存在的问题。[方法]2010年10～12月,对诸城市城区11所学校的28 628名小学生和初中生进行身高、体重、胸围、肺活量检测,并对营养状况进行综合分析。[结果]调查28 628名学生。身高下等者占14.69%,这一比例,小学生与初中生分别为16.44%、14.22%(P<0.01),男生与女生分别为15.30%、13.96%(P<0.01);体重下等者占3.13%,这一比例,小学生与初中生分别为2.91%、3.40%(P<0.05),男生与女生分别为3.27%、2.95%(P>0.05);胸围下等的占2.53%,这一比例,小学生与初中生分别为1.44%、3.95%(P<0.01),男生与女生分别为2.68%、2.36%(P>0.05);肺活量下等的占3.13%,这一比例,小学生与初中生分别为2.26%、4.26%(P<0.01),男生与女生分别为4.30%、1.73%(P<0.01)。调查对象中,营养不良的占3.27%,超重、肥胖的占26.60%。营养不良者所占比例,小学生、初中生分别为2.55%、4.20%(P<0.01),男生与女生分别为3.65%、2.81%(P<0.01);超重、肥胖者所占比例,小学生与初中生分别为27.68%、25.21%(P<0.01),男生与女生分别为29.24%、23.43%(P<0.01)。[结论]2010年诸城市小学生和初中生身高、体重、胸围、肺活量发育状况较好,中学生、女生比小学生、男生存在的发育问题较多。
[Objective] To understand the physical development status of primary and middle school students, master the law of its development, and to improve the problems existing in physical education and health education in primary and secondary schools. [Methods] From October to December 2010, 28 628 pupils and junior high school students from 11 schools in urban areas of Zhucheng City were tested for height, weight, chest circumference and vital capacity, and the nutritional status was analyzed comprehensively. [Results] 28 628 students were investigated. Height and others accounted for 14.69%, this ratio, primary and junior high school students were 16.44%, 14.22% (P <0.01), boys and girls were 15.30%, 13.96% (P <0.01); lower body weight accounted for 3.13%. The proportion of pupils and junior high school students was 2.91% and 3.40% respectively (P <0.05), while the percentage of boys and girls was 3.27% and 2.95% respectively (P> 0.05) The proportions of pupils and junior high school students were 1.44% and 3.95% respectively (P <0.01). The ratio of boys to girls was 2.68% and 2.36% respectively (P> 0.05) Students were 2.26% and 4.26% respectively (P <0.01). The boys and girls were 4.30% and 1.73% respectively (P <0.01). Survey, malnutrition accounted for 3.27%, overweight, obesity accounted for 26.60%. The proportion of malnourished children was 2.55%, 4.20% (P <0.01) respectively for boys and girls, 3.65% for boys and 2.81% for girls (P <0.01), the proportion of overweight and obesity, The junior high school students were 27.68% and 25.21% respectively (P <0.01). The male and female students were 29.24% and 23.43% respectively (P <0.01). [Conclusion] The height, weight, chest circumference and vital capacity of primary school students and junior high school students in Zhucheng in 2010 are better than those of primary school students and boys.