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在植物—病原菌（真菌、细菌、病毒）相互作用过程中，由不亲和病原菌所导致的植物主动防卫反应———过敏反应的早期，发现有大量活性氧产生（氧化突发），包括超氧阴离子、羟自由基、单线态氧和过氧化氢。这些活性氧被认为有可能通过启动或参与植物细胞脂质过氧化，细胞壁木质化和蛋白质聚合；直接杀死病原菌；作为信号介导植保素合成等而直接介入或启动植物过敏性反应。现初步认为“氧化突发”可能是细胞水平上植物对付病原菌侵染的第一步。
During plant-pathogen (fungal, bacterial, and viral) interactions, the active defense response of plants caused by incompatibility pathogens - early in the anaphylactic reaction, was found to be abundant in reactive oxygen species (oxidative burst) including super Oxyanions, hydroxyl radicals, singlet oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. These reactive oxygen species are thought to directly intervene or initiate plant anaphylactic reactions by initiating or participating in plant cell lipid peroxidation, cell wall lignification and protein polymerization; direct killing of pathogens; and signal-mediated phytoalexin synthesis and the like. It is tentatively thought that the “oxidative burst” may be the first step in plants to deal with pathogen infection at the cellular level.