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[目的]为蓝、紫粒小麦资源用于提取植物天然色素提供理论依据。[方法]以白粒小麦晋太170为对照,研究7个蓝、紫粒小麦品种(系)灌浆期籽粒色素的形成情况及遮光对其的影响,测定籽粒中花青苷、黑色素的含量,并用岛津120紫外分光光度计分别测定其530 nm和400~550 nm波长处的吸收值。[结果]不同色系小麦籽粒色素的形成过程不相同,遮光明显地影响了紫色、蓝紫色小麦籽粒中花青苷的产生。蓝紫色黑粒小麦756的花青苷含量最高,紫色黑粒小麦3019的最低,分别是对照的12.62和4.83倍。蓝、紫粒小麦的黑色素含量不同,但均高于对照。[结论]蓝、紫粒小麦籽粒色素的形成过程和花青苷含量不同,与籽粒颜色有较密切的关系。
[Objective] The research aimed to provide the theoretical basis for the extraction of natural pigment from plants of blue and purple wheat resources. [Method] With the wheat cultivar Jintai 170 as control, the formation of grain pigment in seven blue and purple wheat cultivars (lines) at grain filling stage and its influence on shading were studied. The contents of anthocyanins and melanin in kernels were determined, And Shimadzu 120 UV spectrophotometer were measured at 530 nm and 400 ~ 550 nm wavelength absorption value. [Result] The formation process of grain color of different color wheat was different. Shading obviously affected the production of anthocyanin in the purple and blue purple wheat grains. The highest anthocyanin content of blue-purple black wheat 756 and the lowest purple purple-black wheat 3019 were 12.62 and 4.83 times of the control, respectively. Blue, purple wheat different melanin content, but were higher than the control. [Conclusion] The contents of anthocyanin and anthocyanin in the pigment of blue and purple grain were different, which had a close relationship with the color of the grain.