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目的分析云南省纳西族村民糖尿病相关知识认知情况及糖尿病患者管理现状与社会经济状况的联系,为加强慢病管理提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法,抽取云南省玉龙县纳西族≥35岁村民1 402名进行问卷调查和现场体检。结果糖尿病患病率为4.14%,其中男性为4.19%,女性为4.10%。对糖尿病是否可治愈、是否可预防、是否知晓典型症状和是否了解糖尿病管理知识的知晓率分别为8.2%、7.3%、11.8%和11.8%,且男性高于女性,住房条件好者高于差者,经济地位越高者其知晓率越高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);在糖尿病患者中,自我监测血糖率、按医嘱服药或注射胰岛素依从率和与医生交流病情率分别为55.0%、60.0%和80.0%。且文化程度越高和医疗服务可及性越好者按医嘱服药或注射胰岛素的依从性越高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);社会经济地位越高的糖尿病患者按医嘱服药或注射胰岛素的依从性、自我监测血糖率和与医生交流病情率越高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论纳西族村民在糖尿病相关知识认知率及糖尿病患者自我管理方面与社会经济状况存在着联系。应重点加强低社会经济地位村民的健康教育,从而提高其糖尿病的自我管理水平。
Objective To analyze the cognition of diabetic related knowledge and the relationship between management status and socioeconomic status among Naxi villagers in Yunnan Province and provide the basis for strengthening the management of chronic disease. Methods By stratified random sampling method, 1 402 Naxi women aged 35 or older in Yulong County of Yunnan Province were selected for questionnaire survey and on-the-spot physical examination. Results The prevalence of diabetes was 4.14%, of which 4.19% for males and 4.10% for females. The awareness rate of whether diabetes can be cured, whether it can be prevented, whether it knows the typical symptoms and whether it knows diabetes management knowledge is 8.2%, 7.3%, 11.8% and 11.8%, respectively, and the male is higher than the female and the housing condition is better than the poor (P <0.05, P <0.01). In diabetic patients, self-monitoring of blood glucose, taking medicine or injecting insulin-compliant rate and with the doctor The communicable disease rates were 55.0%, 60.0% and 80.0% respectively. (P <0.05, P <0.01). The higher socioeconomic status of patients with diabetes mellitus, the higher the education level and the higher accessibility of medical services, the higher the adherence to medication or insulin injections was (P <0.05, P <0.01) According to the doctor’s advice or insulin compliance, self-monitoring blood glucose and the rate of communication with the doctor the higher the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05, P <0.01). Conclusion The Naxi villagers are related to the socio-economic status of diabetes-related knowledge and diabetes self-management. Emphasis should be placed on strengthening the health education of villagers in low socioeconomic status so as to raise their self-management level of diabetes.