目的 :探讨白内障手术由现代囊外摘除向超声乳化转换过程中发生并发症的原因及应采取的预防措施。方法 :对 10 8例、10 8眼白内障行超声乳化术。参数 :能量 30 %～ 5 0 %、负压 15 0mmHg、流量 2 0ml/min ,乳化时间 12～ 5 2s。结果 :主要并发症有角膜水肿 2 3例 (2 1.3% ) ,后囊破裂 8例 (7.4 % ) ,虹膜损伤 5例(4.6 % ) ,全部植入人工晶体。术后 1周视力 0 .0 6～ 0 .2者 5例 (4.6 )。0 .3～ 0 .5者 12例 (11.1% ) ,0 .6～ 0 .9者 4 3例 (39.8% ) ,1.0～ 1.5者 4 8例 (44 .4 % )。无 1例角膜内皮失代偿、晶体核下沉、眼内炎等并发症发生。结论 :在娴熟的现代囊外摘除基础上 ,正确掌握超声乳化的操作方法 ,术中保持前房深度 ,降低超声能量 ,缩短乳化时间、减少灌注液量是减少手术并发症的有效方法 Objective: To investigate the causes of complications during cataract surgery from phacoemulsification to phacoemulsification and the precautions to be taken. Methods: The phacoemulsification was performed on 108 cases and 108 cases of cataract. Parameters: 30% ~ 50% energy, negative pressure 15 0mmHg, flow 20ml / min, emulsification time 12 ~ 52s. Results: The main complications were corneal edema in 23 cases (21.3%), posterior capsule rupture in 8 cases (7.4%) and iris injury in 5 cases (4.6%), all implanted intraocular lens. One week after surgery, the visual acuity ranged from 0.06 to 0.2 in 5 cases (4.6). There were 12 (11.1%) cases in 0 .3 ~ 0. 5 cases and 43 (39.8%) in 0. 6 ~ 0. 9 cases, and 48 cases (44. 4%) in 1.0 ~ 1.5 cases. No case of corneal endothelial decompensation, crystal nuclear sinking, endophthalmitis and other complications occurred. Conclusion: Based on modern modern extracapsular exclusion, it is an effective method to reduce the complication of phacoemulsification by correctly controlling the operation method of phacoemulsification, keeping the depth of anterior chamber, reducing the ultrasonic energy, shortening the emulsification time and reducing the perfusion volume