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末梢血液中血小板数为100—300×10~9/升(每微升为10—30×10~4),超过400×10~9/升以上则视为血小板增多。血小板增多可以发生在感染或炎症性疾病(如肠炎、脉管炎)、外科手术或组织损伤(心肌梗塞、胰腺炎)、癌症、贫血、脾摘除以及肾病综合征等疾病患者。这种类型血小板增多称为反应性血小板增多症,只要原发病得到控制,血小板即可恢复正常,危害不大。另一种类型属于原因不明的原发性血小板增多症,容易并发血栓或出血,对此不能等闲视之,特别是60岁以上老年人更应重视。 原发性血小板增多症是慢性骨髓增殖性疾病中一种类型,是骨髓造血干细胞的单克隆性疾病,多于40岁以后发病,以60岁以上老人居多,女性发病率略高于男性。据特菲里1995年研究报道,原发性血小板增多症在每1百万人群中每年有1人发病,如果以12亿人口计算我国每年将有1千多名患者出现此病。由于没有明显临床症状,因此较难发现,多数是在化
Peripheral blood platelets in the 100-300 × 10 ~ 9 / liter (per microliter for the 10-30 × 10 ~ 4), more than 400 × 10 ~ 9 / liter above is considered thrombocytosis. Thrombocytosis can occur in patients with infectious or inflammatory diseases such as enteritis and vasculitis, surgery or tissue damage (myocardial infarction, pancreatitis), cancer, anemia, splenic removal, and nephrotic syndrome. This type of thrombocythemia known as reactive thrombocythemia, as long as the primary disease is controlled, platelets can be returned to normal, less harmful. The other type is an unknown cause of primary thrombocythemia, thrombosis or bleeding easily, which can not be ignored, especially the elderly over the age of 60 should pay more attention. Primary thrombocythemia is a type of chronic myeloproliferative disease, is a monoclonal disease of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells, more than 40 years of age after the onset of disease, mostly elderly people over the age of 60, the incidence of women slightly higher than men. According to Thefrey 1995 study, the incidence of essential thrombocythemia is 1 in 1 million people per year. If 1.2 billion people are counted, more than 1,000 patients in our country will have this disease every year. Because there is no obvious clinical symptoms, it is harder to find, the majority is in the process of change