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利用1983年7月至1998年12月国际卫星云气候计划ISCCP D2的月平均云资料,对西北地区空中云水资源的时空分布特征进行了系统的研究。结果表明:三个不同区域的月平均总云量、光学厚度和云水路径的区域平均值分别在52.5%~58.3%,2.6~6.6和44.9~77.6 g.m-2之间;西北地区空中云水资源多年平均分布有其沿地形分布的特点,总云量、中云量、总光学厚度和总云水路径的高值区均在天山、昆仑山、祁连山一带,而低值中心一般分布在塔里木盆地—内蒙古西部戈壁沙漠—黄土高原西北部一带。此外,祁连山、青海所在的高原气候区云水资源近年呈上升趋势,特别是总光学厚度和总云水路径15年来呈明显上升趋势,分别约上升了0.8和16.4 g.m-2。
Using the monthly mean cloud data of ISCCP D2 from July 1983 to December 1998, the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of air cloud water resources in the northwest of China were systematically studied. The results showed that the average monthly cloud cover, optical thickness and cloud water path in three different regions were between 52.5% -58.3%, 2.6 ~ 6.6 and 44.9 ~ 77.6 gm-2, respectively; The distribution of resources for many years is characterized by their topographical distribution. The areas of total cloud amount, medium cloud amount, total optical thickness and total cloud water path are all in the areas of Tianshan Mountains, Kunlun Mountains and Qilian Mountains, while the low value centers are generally distributed in Tarim Basin - Western Gobi Desert in Inner Mongolia - Northwest Loess Plateau. In addition, the Qilian Mountains and Qinghai Plateau climatic zone cloud water resources in recent years is on the rise, especially the total optical thickness and the total cloud water path has shown a clear upward trend in 15 years, respectively, an increase of about 0.8 and 16.4 g.m-2.