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淮河流域总面积约27万平方公里,其中丘陵山区为8.9万平方公里,占流域面积的1/3。伏牛、桐柏、大别和沂蒙山为淮河流域的主要山系。山高坡陡,地表岩性主要有花岗岩、片麻岩、变质岩等构成,节理发育,风化层厚,土层浅薄,砂石较多。全流域水土流失面积52700平方公里,占丘陵山区面积的60％。因此,搞好水土保持工作,对发展水利,根治淮河,减轻水旱灾害,发展山区生产,改善生态环境,有其重大的现实意义。 一 新中国成立以后,淮河流域的人民,在
The Huaihe River basin a total area of about 270,000 square kilometers, of which 89,000 square kilometers hills and mountains, accounting for 1/3 of the basin area. The valleys, Tongbai, Dabie and Yimengshan are the main mountain systems of the Huaihe River. Steep slopes, surface lithology are mainly granite, gneiss, metamorphic rocks and other composition, joint development, weathered layer thickness, shallow soil, sand and more. The whole basin area of 52,700 square kilometers of soil erosion, accounting for 60% of hilly mountain area. Therefore, doing a good job in soil and water conservation has its great practical significance for developing water conservancy, eliminating the floods and droughts, developing mountainous areas and improving the ecological environment. After the founding of new China, the people of the Huaihe River Valley were