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谷子早熟性属数量性状,选用熟期不同的亲本杂交,其 F_1代受早熟亲本影响较大。双亲抽穗期差值愈小,愈易产生超早后代,随双亲抽穗期差值的加大,F_1代抽穗期逐渐接近双亲中值。F_1代与双亲抽穗期均值相关密切,其相关系数为0.8208,回归系数为1.315。晚熟亲本对 F_1代熟性有一定的制约作用。各类组合 F_1代优势高低的顺序是:晚×早或早×晚→晚×中→晚×晚,杂种平均优势为-2.70。F_2代抽穗期呈连续变异,也出现超亲遗传现象。谷子抽穗期遗传力较高,平均为86.6%,早期世代选择有效。不同亲本早熟性遗传传递力不同。在育种工作中,应注意双亲抽穗期有一定的差值并接近当地生育期为宜。
Premature millet is a quantitative trait, the selection of different maturity of the parental hybrids, the F1 progeny more affected by premature. The smaller the difference between heading date of parents, the easier it will be for the progeny to emerge. As the difference of the heading date of parents increases, the heading date of F1 generation gradually approaches the median of parents. F_1 generation was closely related to the average of the heading date of parents, with a correlation coefficient of 0.8208 and a regression coefficient of 1.315. Late-maturing parents have a certain restriction on the F1 generation. The order of superiority and inferiority of F_1 generations in all combinations was as follows: late × early or early × late → late × middle → late × late, the average heterosis was -2.70. F_2 generations of continuous variation of heading, also appeared super-progeny genetic phenomenon. Heritability at the heading stage of millet was higher, with an average of 86.6%. Early generation selection was effective. Different parents have different genetic transmission ability. In the breeding work, should pay attention to the parental heading date have a certain difference and close to the local growth period is appropriate.