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高等教育自学考试制度的创立,丰富和完善了我国高等教育的结构与体系。它在继续教育与终身教育体系中具有不可或缺的重要地位和不可替代的重要作用。自学考试虽然是我国教育制度的一个重要组成部分,但它有其自身的特殊性,属于国家考试的一种类型,因此,自学考试的政策制定和执行属于公共政策的范畴。就当前高等教育自学考试面临的问题与发展困境来说,亟待通过转型来寻找新的发展机遇。具体来说,高等教育自学考试需要完成“三大转变”:其功能定位,应当从普通高等教育的补充型向为学习型社会服务转变;其主考学校,应当从单一化、精英型向多样化、大众化转变;其质量观和质量标准,应当从培养高级专门人才向培养“数以亿计的高素质劳动者”的要求转变。
The establishment of self-study examination system in higher education has enriched and perfected the structure and system of our higher education. It plays an indispensable and important role in continuing education and life-long education system and plays an irreplaceable role. Although the self-study examination is an important part of our education system, it has its own particularity and belongs to a type of national examination. Therefore, the formulation and implementation of self-study examination policy belongs to the category of public policy. As for the problems and development dilemmas confronting the current higher education self-study examinations, it is urgent to find new opportunities for development through restructuring. Specifically speaking, the self-study examinations for higher education need to be completed. The “three major changes”: Their functional orientation should be shifted from the supplement of ordinary higher education to the service of learning-oriented society. The examination schools should change from a single, elite type Diversification and popularization. The quality concept and quality standard should be changed from training senior professionals to training “hundreds of millions of highly qualified workers”.