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由单一水价转向阶梯水价是城市居民水价制度改革的重要内容。本文基于1997-2014年地级数据,从地级城市阶梯水价的推行时间与空间布局、阶梯水量级数划分标准和阶梯层级水价比例等三个方面对阶梯水价实施效果展开分析,进一步分析阶梯水价的实施困境,结果显示:“一户一表”改造政策推进缓慢、阶梯水价划分标准有待优化、水价级差的确定仍需完善、精准计费难以实行是影响阶梯水价推进的主要原因。最后,本文为实现“补偿成本、合理收益、节约用水、公平负担”的水价目标提出政策建议。
The shift from a single water price to a water price ladder is an important part of the reform of urban residents’ water pricing system. Based on the terrestrial data from 1997 to 2014, this paper analyzes the implementation effect of the water price in the three aspects of the time and space layout of the urban water pricing in the prefecture-level cities, the classification standard of the water levels in the prefecture-level cities and the water price ratio in the step-level cities, The results show that the reform policy of “one household one meter” is slow, the standard of dividing the price of water level needs to be optimized, the determination of the water price level still needs to be perfected, and the difficulty of precision charging is the main reason that affects the price of water. Finally, this paper puts forward policy suggestions for realizing the water price target of “compensating cost, reasonable income, saving water, fair burden”.