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1896—1917年间,美国进入了工业化社会的初期。人类的聪明才智创造了巨大的物质财富,然而在财富急剧膨胀的同时,工业化时代特有的社会问特也纷至沓来。正是在这种背景下,美国社会出现了一个社会改革潮流,涉及美国社会生活的许多方面的改革。人们把这一时期美国发生的巨大社会变革称之为进步主义运动。本文就是试图对该时期美国社会问题的一个方面,贫困问题,包括其起因、表现、采取的措施、意义等进行初步探讨,希冀能够一窥进步主义运动的作用之一角。
From 1896 to 1917, the United States entered the initial stage of an industrialized society. Humans’ ingenuity has created tremendous material wealth. However, with the rapid expansion of wealth, there are also many social problems peculiar to the industrialized era. It is in this context that there has been a social reform trend in American society that involves many aspects of the reform of American social life. People call this great social change in the United States this period a progressive movement. This article attempts to make a preliminary study of one aspect of the American social problems and the problems of poverty in that period, including its causes, manifestations, measures taken and its significance, in the hope of gaining a glimpse of the role of the progressive movement.