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原发性醛固酮增多症(简称原醛) 大多数原醛是由于肾上腺皮质腺瘤分泌过多醛固酮作用于远端肾小管引起排钾和保留钠,临床出现低血钾碱中毒和液体潴留,使血容量增加和输入的肾动脉近球细胞的压力感受器所受压力增高,血浆肾素活力受抑制和血管紧张素Ⅱ的产生减少。此种肿瘤分泌醛固酮为非依赖性,因此尿中醛固酮显著增多。通常认为原醛引起的高血压比较良性且较持久。然而Bravo等最近复习了80例原醛发现约有20％的病人舒张压>120mmHg,20%的病人高血压持续时间<1年。高血压的严重程度和持续时间不影响手术切除后的预后。有的病例不一定有典型的低血钾碱中毒和低肾素
Primary aldosteronism (abbreviation of primary aldehydes) Most of the primary aldehydes are caused by excessive adrenal hypersensitivity in the adrenal cortical adenomas. They cause potassium excretion and sodium retention in the distal tubules. Clinical hypokalemia, alkalosis and fluid retention occur. Increased blood volume and increased pressure on the baroreceptors of the renal artery proximal arterial cells were input, plasma renin activity was inhibited, and production of angiotensin II was reduced. The tumor secretes aldosterone independently, so there is a significant increase in aldosterone in the urine. It is generally believed that the aldehyde-induced hypertension is more benign and longer lasting. However, Bravo et al. recently reviewed 80 cases of primary aldehydes and found that about 20% of patients had a diastolic blood pressure of >120 mmHg, and 20% of patients had hypertension duration <1 year. The severity and duration of hypertension do not affect the prognosis after surgical resection. Some cases do not necessarily have typical hypokalemia and low renin