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目的了解综合性医院住院病人的情绪状态及相关因素。方法采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表和自编定式问卷,对160名住院病人进行调查。结果病人的焦虑与抑郁水平呈显著正相关,且均高于全国常模;文化程度较低及担心疾病恶化、担心拖累家庭、缺乏治愈信心及担心经济负担和能力下降等心理问题与不良情绪有关(P<0.05,P<0.01);而性别、年龄、职业、疾病种类及病人对疾病知情与否与不良情绪无显著关联(P>0.05)。结论住院病人存在着明显的焦虑和抑郁情绪,文化程度较低及存在相关心理社会问题的病人是情绪障碍的好发人群。建议护理人员应采取综合手段,调动病人生理、心理资源和社会家庭支持资源,帮助其重建信心,促进康复。
Objective To understand the emotional status and related factors of inpatients in general hospitals. Methods The self-rating anxiety scale, self-rating depression scale and self-designed questionnaire were used to investigate 160 inpatients. Results There was a significant positive correlation between anxiety and depression in patients, which were all higher than the national norm. Psychological problems such as low educational level, fear of disease worsening, fear of dragging families, lack of cure confidence, worry about economic burden and ability decline were related to bad mood (P <0.05, P <0.01). There was no significant correlation between gender, age, occupation, disease type and patient’s knowledge of illness and bad mood (P> 0.05). Conclusions There is obvious anxiety and depression in hospitalized patients. Patients with low educational level and related psychosocial problems are the predilection for mood disorders. It is recommended that nurses should take a comprehensive approach to mobilize the patient’s physical, psychological resources and social family support resources to help them rebuild their confidence and promote rehabilitation.