论文部分内容阅读
上海市肿瘤研究所于１９８４～１９９０年期间先后进行了基于全人群的肺癌、卵巢癌、肾癌、膀胱癌、喉癌、口腔癌、胃癌及结肠癌的病例对照研究，研究发现吸烟对这些肿瘤有不同程度的危险作用。本文在这些研究的基础上，分别进行吸烟对这些恶性肿瘤的人群归因危险度（ＰＡＲＰ）分析。结果表明，吸烟是上海市区男性肺癌、膀胱癌及喉癌的主要原因，ＰＡＲＰ分别为７５％、７１％和７８％；吸烟也是男性胃癌和肾癌的重要原因，ＰＡＲＰ分别为２５％和２９％。吸烟对女性恶性肿瘤的危害主要表现在肺癌，ＰＡＲＰ为２８％；女性结肠癌、口腔癌和卵巢癌的ＰＡＲＰ分别为４％、９％和６％。研究结果表明，控制人群中的吸烟率，对降低上海市区恶性肿瘤，尤其是男性恶性肿瘤的发病率有重大意义。
Shanghai Cancer Research Institute conducted a case-control study of lung cancer, ovarian cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer, laryngeal cancer, oral cancer, gastric cancer, and colon cancer based on the entire population from 1984 to 1990. The study found that smoking affects these tumors. There are varying degrees of dangerous effects. On the basis of these studies, the authors conducted a population-attributable risk assessment (PARP) analysis of these malignancies. The results showed that smoking was the main cause of lung cancer, bladder cancer, and laryngeal cancer in males in Shanghai. PARP was 75%, 71%, and 78%, respectively; smoking was also an important cause of gastric cancer and kidney cancer in men, with PARP 25% and 29% respectively. %. The harm of smoking to female malignant tumors is mainly manifested in lung cancer, PARP is 28%; the PARP of female colon cancer, oral cancer and ovarian cancer is 4%, 9% and 6%, respectively. The results of the study indicate that the smoking rate in the control population is of great significance in reducing the incidence of malignant tumors in Shanghai City, especially male malignant tumors.