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目的:结合社区自身特点,找到防治输液中药物过敏性休克的方法和注意事项。方法:凡是在输液中出现头晕、视物不清、恶心、呕吐、全身冷汗、四肢凉、面色苍白、紫绀、抽搐、昏迷、大小便失禁,血压下降或测不到,以及心跳、呼吸骤停,首先考虑“药物过敏性休克”。血压测不到、心跳骤停者肾上腺素0.5mg-1mg静注,地塞米松20mg静注,其他情况肾上腺素肌注,地塞米松10mg静注,主张同时用异丙嗪50mg肌注。结果:避免滥用药物;询问过敏史;注意药敏试验;提高警惕,加强观察;预防二次休克。其他注意事项:就诊时、输液不适时测血压;抢救时头脑冷静,任务分配到人;平时加强学习,互相交流、及时总结,抢救时积极参与。结论:平时加强学习,提高警惕,及时总结经验教训,不断提高诊治水平,药物过敏性休克在工作中完全可控、可治、可防。
Objective: To find out the methods and precautions of prevention and treatment of anaphylactic shock caused by transfusion in the community. Methods: Dizziness, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, cold sweat, cold extremities, pale, cyanotic, convulsive, coma, incontinence, drop in blood pressure or undetectable, and sudden cardiac arrest , First consider “drug allergic shock ”. Blood pressure can not be measured, cardiac arrest by epinephrine 0.5mg-1mg intravenous injection of dexamethasone 20mg intravenous injection of epinephrine in other cases intramuscular injection of dexamethasone 10mg intravenous injection advocated with promethazine 50mg intramuscular injection. Results: Avoid drug abuse; ask history of allergy; pay attention to drug sensitivity test; raise vigilance and strengthen observation; prevent secondary shock. Other precautions: When the diagnosis, the infusion of ill-time measurement of blood pressure; salvation calm, the task assigned to people; usually to strengthen learning, communicate with each other, timely summary, active participation in the rescue. Conclusion: Usually to enhance learning, vigilance, and timely summarize the lessons learned, and constantly improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of drug-induced allergic shock in the work is completely controllable, can be cured, preventable.