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以大学生为被试，采用双作业技术研究自由回忆和顺序回忆中编码和提取阶段分配注意对短时记忆知觉组织的影响。研究发现：在集中注意条件下，自由回忆和顺序回忆中分组项目表的回忆成绩均最著优于不分组项目表，表现出知觉分组效应；在编码阶段分配注意，自由回忆和顺序回忆中的知觉分组效应均消失；在提取阶段分配注意，顺序回忆中的知觉分组效应消失，而自由回忆中的此效应仍然保留，显示出自由回忆和顺序回忆的不同特点。作者设想，短时记忆的知觉组织加工既发生在编码阶段，也发生在提取阶段，而以编码阶段为主，并需要较多注意资源。
Taking college students as subjects, the dual-assignment technique was used to study the effect of allocation and attention on short-term memory perception in both free recall and sequential recall. The study found that, under the condition of concentration, the recall scores of group items in free recall and sequential recall are the most superior to the uncategorized item list, showing the effect of perceptual grouping; in the coding stage, the attention, the free recall and the sequential recall The effect of perceptual grouping disappeared. During the extraction stage, attention was assigned to the effect of perceptual grouping in sequential memory disappearing, but this effect in free memory was still retained, showing different characteristics of free-memory and sequential memory. The authors envision that perceptual tissue processing of short-term memory occurs both in the coding phase and in the extraction phase, with the coding phase predominant and requiring more attention to resources.