论文部分内容阅读
以杂交中熟籼稻品种金优63、汕优63为供试材料,采用盆栽试验,在水稻生长前期连续喷施3次硅酸钠(Na2SiO3·9H2O),于人工气候箱内在水稻开花期进行常温(日均温26.6℃,日最高温度29.4℃)和高温(日均温33.2℃,日最高温度40.1℃)处理5 d,研究施硅在花期高温胁迫下对杂交水稻剑叶叶绿素含量、光合性能、抗氧化酶活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、花粉活力、花药酸性转化酶活性、柱头授粉性能和结实率等的影响.结果表明:与对照相比,施硅可显著提高高温胁迫下水稻剑叶叶绿素含量,提高净光合速率和气孔导度,减少胞间CO2浓度,增强叶片光合作用,减少MDA含量,提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性;提高花药中可溶性酸性转化酶活性和花粉活力,增加花粉囊基部裂口宽度,提高水稻每柱头上授粉总数、萌发数、花粉萌发率和萌发数大于10粒者所占的比例,降低花粉总数小于20粒者所占的比例;使金优63、汕优63结实率的降低分别减轻13.4%、14.1%.因此,在水稻生长前期喷施外源硅,可减轻水稻在开花期结实率的降低,提高杂交水稻的抗热性.
Taking medium indica rice varieties Jinyou 63 and Shanyou 63 as test materials, pot experiments were conducted to spray sodium silicate (Na2SiO3 · 9H2O) three times in the early stage of rice growth. During artificial flowering stage, (Average daily temperature 26.6 ℃, daily maximum temperature 29.4 ℃) and high temperature (average daily temperature 33.2 ℃, daily maximum temperature 40.1 ℃) for 5 days. The effects of silicon on the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity , Antioxidant enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, pollen viability, anther acid invertase activity, stigma pollination and seed setting rate were compared.The results showed that compared with the control, silicon application could significantly increase the rice yield under high temperature stress The contents of chlorophyll in the flag leaf, the net photosynthetic rate and the stomatal conductance, the decrease of intercellular CO2 concentration, the enhancement of the photosynthesis, the decrease of MDA content and the increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), hydrogen peroxide Enzyme (CAT) activity; Increased the activity of soluble acid invertase and pollen viability in anther, increased the cleft breadth of pollen basal part, increased the total number of pollination, number of germination, pollen germination rate and the number of germination> 10 , The proportion of the total number of low pollen less than 20 grains reduced the seed setting rate of Jinyou 63 and Shanyou 63 by 13.4% and 14.1%, respectively. Therefore, spraying exogenous silicon at the early stage of rice growth reduced the decrease of seed setting rate at the flowering stage Reduce the seed setting rate and improve the heat resistance of hybrid rice.