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采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)和RAPD方法对厦门养殖斑节对虾(Penaeus monodonFabricius)群体的遗传多样性进行分析。9种同工酶共检测到21个座位,其中多态座位13个,多态座位比例为61.90%,预期杂合度0.151,观察杂合度0.120,Hardy-Weinberg遗传偏离指数(d)为-0.208,存在杂合子缺失。经χ2拟合度检验,多数座位偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡,表明群体未达到随机交配。14个10 bp引物共获得了83个标记,单个引物获得的标记数为2~11个,平均每个引物扩增出5.93个座位,其中多态标记数68个,多态位点比例为81.93%,杂合度为0.246,基因多样性为0.260,Shannon’s信息指数为0.397。两种方法均表明该斑节对虾养殖群体的遗传多样性水平较高,但可能已有近交衰退发生。
The genetic diversity of Penaeus monodonFabricius populations in Xiamen was analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and RAPD. Nineteen isozymes were detected in 21 loci, including 13 polymorphic loci, 61.90% of polymorphic loci, expected heterozygosity of 0.151, observed heterozygosity of 0.120, Hardy-Weinberg genetic divergence index (d) of -0.208, There is a loss of heterozygotes. After χ2-fit test, most of the seats deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, indicating that the population did not reach random mating. A total of 83 markers were obtained from 14 10 bp primers. The number of markers obtained from a single primer ranged from 2 to 11, with an average of 5.93 loci per primer. The number of polymorphic markers was 68 and the number of polymorphic loci was 81.93 %, Heterozygosity was 0.246, gene diversity was 0.260, Shannon’s information index was 0.397. Both methods showed that the level of genetic diversity of shrimp culture group was higher, but inbreeding recession may have occurred.