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目的通过研究6～11月龄婴儿的麻疹抗体水平,以及适龄儿童麻疹-风疹联合减毒活疫苗(Measles-Rubella Combined Attenuated Live Vaccine,MR)的免疫成功率,探讨铜川市近年来小月龄婴儿麻疹高发的原因。方法在铜川市随机抽取6～11月龄婴儿采集静脉血,对≥8月龄者初次接种MR联合疫苗后一个月,采集第二份血,用酶联免疫吸附试验(Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay,ELISA)检测免疫前、后麻疹IgG抗体,并用中和试验(Neutralization Test,NT)检测配对血样的中和抗体(Neutralizing Antibody,NA)。结果 58名婴儿免疫前麻疹IgG抗体全部阴性,抗体几何平均浓度(Geometry Mean Concentration,GMC)为20.76毫国际单位/毫升(mIU/ml);免疫后IgG抗体阳转率为96.97%,GMC为2279.38 mIU/ml,比免疫前增长了105倍。免疫前NA阳性率3.03%,免疫后NA阳性率100%,免疫后NA滴度在1∶2～1∶256,几何平均滴度为1∶45。NT结果与ELISA结果符合率98.48%。结论 MV联合疫苗免疫效果良好,婴儿胎传抗体提前消失是导致近年来铜川市小月龄儿童麻疹发病的主要原因。
Objective To investigate the immunization success rate of Measles-Rubella Combined Attenuated Live Vaccine (MR) in children aged 6 ~ 11 months and measles-Rubella Combined Live Vaccine (MR) High incidence of measles. Methods Venous blood was collected from infants aged 6 ~ 11 months in Tongchuan City. One month after the MR vaccine was administered for ≥ 8 months, the second blood was collected and detected by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay ELISA was used to detect the measles IgG antibodies before and after immunization. Neutralizing Antibody (NA) of the paired blood samples was detected by Neutralization Test (NT). Results 58 preimmune measles IgG antibodies were negative in all infants. The geometric mean antibody concentration (Geometry Mean Concentration) was 20.76 mIU / ml. After immunization, the IgG antibody positive rate was 96.97% and the GMC was 2279.38 mIU / ml, 105 times more than before immunization. The positive rate of NA before immunization was 3.03%. The positive rate of NA after immunization was 100%. The NA titer after immunization was between 1: 2 and 1:256 and the average geometric mean titer was 1:45. NT results and ELISA results in line with the rate of 98.48%. Conclusions MV combination vaccine has good immunization effect and infant fetus antibody disappear in advance, which is the main reason of measles onset in Tongchuan City in recent years.