低温冷冻、激光和放射性同位素都是六十年代迅速发展的新技术,成为医学上用于治疗某些疾病的新手段。本文概要介绍低温冷冻技术的基本知识,国内外发展情况及其在临床上的应用情况。一、低温冷冻外科发展简况冷冻外科有着悠久的历史。早在1840年,詹姆斯·阿诺特就使用冰盐水,产生零下18度的低温,盛在多孔的袋子中,敷于治疗部位,使组织变硬并出现白色。用于治疗偏头痛、肋间神经痛、外阴搔痒症等疾病。并应用一种简单的管子,对阴道和子宫癌进行冷却治疗。1851年,英国有人开设了冷凝法治疗癌症的病房。1939年比替采用冰冻治疗视网膜剥离。同年,法伊用低温破坏脑组织的 Cryopreservation, lasers and radioisotopes are all new technologies that have been rapidly developed in the 1960s, and have become new medical means for the treatment of certain diseases. This article outlines the basic knowledge of cryogenic freezing technology, the development situation at home and abroad, and its clinical application. First, the cryogenic cryosurgery development profile cryosurgery has a long history. As early as 1840, James Arnault used ice-cold salt to produce a minus 18 degrees Celsius, which was stored in a porous bag, applied to the treatment site, and made the tissue hard and white. For the treatment of migraine, intercostal neuralgia, genital pruritus and other diseases. And apply a simple tube to cool vaginal and uterine cancer. In 1851, some people in the United Kingdom opened a condensing method for cancer treatment. In 1939, instead of using ice for retinal detachment. In the same year, Fay used low temperature to destroy brain tissue