作文指导,可分为作前指导、作中指导和作后讲评.作前指导一般包括两方面的内容:一是介绍作文知识(审题、立意、选材、布局、语言表达等).二是列提纲.对这两项内容的指导,应该改变由教师包办代替、——嚼碎喂给学生的做法,除本次作文训练的要求之外,其他应引导学生自己去归纳、探索、总结.具体做法:1.对有关知识启发学生自己回忆总结,让学生自己去动手动脑整理所需的写作知识.2.对命题的指导,可由学生互相讨论,教师不要喋喋不休地划框框、定条条.这样可发挥学生的主体作用,任学生的思想自由驰骋.从心理学角度看,这有利于学生求异思维的发展;从培养人才角度考虑,这有助于学生的个性发展.担心学生不会写或无内容可写而给他们提供材料、划定范围只能作为例子处理,不然不仅会束缚学生的思维,限制其个性发展,而且还会使学生滋生依赖心理.因此,教师要创造条件、 Composition guidance can be divided into pre-guidance, guidance and post-judgment. Pre-guidance generally includes two aspects: First, introduction of compositional knowledge (questioning, ideas, material selection, layout, language expression, etc.). Outline. The guidance of these two contents should be changed by the teacher’s arrangement and substitution, the practice of chewing and feeding students. In addition to the requirements of this composition training, others should guide the students themselves to generalize, explore, and summarize. Practices: 1. Relevant knowledge to inspire students to recall and sum up, so that students can use their own knowledge of writing brains to organize their own writing. 2. The guidance of the proposition can be discussed with each other by the students, teachers do not endlessly frame, set rules. Can play the role of the main body of the student, allowing students to think freely. From a psychological point of view, this is conducive to the development of students seeking different thinking; from the perspective of training talents, this contributes to the development of students’ personality. Worried that students can not write No content can be written, but providing them with materials and scope can only be treated as an example. Otherwise, it will not only restrict the students’ thinking, limit their personality development, but also make the students breed dependency psychology. Therefore, teachers must create conditions,